Original Research Article
Year: 2016 | Month: February | Volume: 3 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 42-44
Spectrum of Morphological Alterations in Cholecystectomy Specimens Due to Cholelithiasis: A Two Years Study
Sumit Giri1, Karandeep Singh2
1Associate Professor, Dept. of Pathology, Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, U.P., India.
2Professor, Dept. of Pathology, Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Corresponding Author: Sumit Giri
ABSTRACT
Background: Gallstone disease is a common health problem worldwide. It is commonly believed that bile stasis is the prime factor for gallstone formation. It is known to produce histopathological changes in the gallbladder. It is also one of the predisposing factors for the development of cancer of gallbladder.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology, SGT Medical College, Gurgaon for a period of 2 years. The study included 526 cases of cholecystectomy specimens for cholelithiasis. The history, clinical findings and investigations were retrieved from the records of the hospital. Detailed macroscopic examination of the specimens was done after complete fixation in 10% formalin. Each gallbladder was sectioned serially from the neck to the fundus, processed routinely and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin (H & E) stain and histopathological examination was carried out.
Results: On gross examination, the serosal surface of the gallbladder was found normal in 340 specimens (64.64%) and congested in 186 specimens (35.36%). Gallbladder wall thickness was normal (2mm) in 230 specimens (43.72%). Mucosa was normal in 322 (61.40 %), hemorrhagic in 80 (15.36%), Strawberry like in 98 (18.68%) and slightly nodular in 26 specimens (4.56 %). On histologic examination, normal epithelium was seen in 79 specimens (15.01%), epithelial hyperplasia was observed in 195 (37.07%), intestinal metaplasia in 181 (34.41%), cholesterolosis in 65 (12.36%) and dysplasia in 6 (1.15 %) specimens.
Conclusion: The pathological changes of the gallbladder epithelium may play an important role in the process of gallstone formation.
Key words: Gall bladder, histopathology, hyperplasia, dysplasia.