Original Research Article
Year: 2018 | Month: November | Volume: 5 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 144-148
Study of Bacterial and Fungal Etiology of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Dr. Appa Rao Peddapalli, Dr. Rama Lakshmi Koripella, Dr. P. Kamala, Dr. Yasoda Devi Kakaraparthi
Department of Microbiology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Corresponding Author: Dr. Rama Lakshmi Koripella
ABSTRACT
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections are most common worldwide both in developed and developing countries. Management of both community & Hospital acquired LRTI’s depends on proper clinical and laboratory diagnosis with current antibiotic sensitivity patterns. The present study was conducted to know the current bacterial & fungal etiology & antibiotic sensitivity patterns in a tertiary care hospital.
Materials & Methods: A total of 100 Sputum samples received in the clinical microbiology lab, King George Hospital, Andhra Medical College, were included in the study. Isolation & Identification of the organisms was done as per the standard protocol in the lab. The antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method & the zones were measured as per CLSI guidelines.
Results: In the present study, out of 100 samples, 54% were culture positive & 46% were culture sterile. Out of 54 culture positives, 29.6% were gram positive cocci, 46.3% were gram negative bacilli & 24% were candida species. Mixed isolates were isolated in 3 samples.
Most of the Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Linezolid 94%, followed by Vancomycin 88%, imipenem 78.6%, Levofloxacin 92%, Ciprofloxacin 60%, Clindamycin 60%, Azithromycin 46% and Amoxyclav 42%.
Most of the Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to colistin 94%, followed by imipenem 92%, Piperacillin Tazobactam 80%, Cefoperazone+ sulbactam, Amikacin, Tobramycin 72% each and Cefotaxime 64%. ESBL’s were identified in 29.6% of Gram negative bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus isolated was MRSA.
Conclusion: As the drug resistant microbes are increasing, it is imperative to regularly evaluate the etiology & antibiotic profile & formulate regional guidelines for the management of patients suffering from LRTIs.
Key words: Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI’s), Etiology of LRTI’s, multi drug resistance, antibiotic sensitivity pattern, patient management.
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