Original Research Article
Year: 2019 | Month: December | Volume: 6 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 568-573
A Cytological Study of Pattern of Lymph Node Lesions at Tertiary Care Centre in Uttar Pradesh
Rajesh Kumar Chaurasia1, Puja Sharma2
1Professor, Dept of Pathology, KDMCHRC, Mathura, UttarPradesh
2Associate Professor, Dept of Pathology, SHKM Govt Medical College, Nalhar, Nuh , Haryana
Corresponding Author: Puja Sharma
ABSTRACT
Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, rapid, cost effective and reliable technique which can be used as a routine outpatient department (OPD) procedure and first line of investigation in diagnosing a variety of superficial and deep lesions. Lymphadenopathy is of great clinical significance and the underlying cause may range from a treatable infectious etiology to malignant neoplasms. In this study, we describe the diagnostic utility of FNAC in the assessment of lymph node lesions with an emphasis on the diagnosis of non-neoplastic, benign, malignant neoplastic and tuberculous.
Methods: This was a retrospective study done over a period of four years. A total of 920 patients including all age groups and both sexes presenting with palpable or deep lymph nodes in FNAC clinic of our institute were included in our study. FNAC was conducted with 22-24 Gauge disposable needles attached to 10c.c syringes. Smears were fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol and stained with Papanicolaou stain. Leishman stain was done on air dried smears. Ziehl- Neelsen (ZN) staining was done wherever required.
Results: Out of 920 FNAC from lymph nodes, the most frequent cause of lymphadenopathy was found to be Tuberculosis with 466 cases (50.65%). The next frequent diagnosis was reactive lymphadenitis with 317 cases (34.45%) followed by metastatic lymphadenopathy in 50 cases (5.43%) and acute suppurative lymphadenitis in 46 cases (5%). A diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorder was rendered in 27 cases (2.93%). In 14 cases (1.52%) FNAC was inconclusive.
Conclusion: In our study, the predominant cause of lymphadenopathy was tuberculous lymphadenitis, seen in more than half of total cases, followed by reactive, acute suppurative lymphadenopathy and malignant neoplasms. FNAC was helpful in establishing the diagnosis in 98.48% of the cases.
Key words: FNAC, Lymphadenopathy, Tuberculous lymphadenitis, Metastatic lymphadenitis
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