Year: 2024 | Month: January | Volume: 11 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 494-500
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240155
Lichenized Bacteria: A Pioneer Source of Biomedical and Environmental Protection
Dr. G. Ayyappadasan1, Dr. S. Rubavathi2, V. Venkatraman3, V. Kaviyashree4
1,2,3,4Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode - 637 215, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. S. Rubavathi
ABSTRACT
The review highlights the synthesis of secondary metabolites by symbiotic bacteria, emphasizing the importance of these compounds in various stages of symbiotic interactions. Recognizing the roles of natural products, such as complex polyketides and nonribosomal peptides, extends from partner recognition and invasion to establishing bacterial populations, providing nutrition, and contributing to chemical defense. Notably, the study focuses on unculturable symbionts, with cultivation-independent techniques playing a significant role in advancing research in this field. The notion is that bacterial symbionts, particularly in marine invertebrates like sponges, are likely the actual producers of numerous drug candidates found in these organisms. Sponges, recognized as a significant source of biologically active natural products, are often thought to harbor compounds originating from bacteria. Biofouling, the unwanted buildup of microorganisms on submerged structures and living marine organisms, presents economic challenges, including increased fuel consumption and metal corrosion. Diverse studies, spanning morphology, biochemistry, and molecular characteristics, highlight the complexity of biofouling. To address these issues and mitigate economic losses, there is a pressing need to identify effective natural antifouling agents capable of controlling the abundant biofouling bacteria in marine environments.
Keywords: Antifouling, Symbionts, Lichen, Parmeloid
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