Year: 2025 | Month: November | Volume: 12 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 427-442
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20251145
Biochar as a Green Solution for Environmental Sustainability: A Systematic Review of Production Techniques and Applications
Hendri Iyabu1, Fitryane Lihawa2, Dewi Wahyuni K. Baderan3, Weny J.A Musa4, Marike Mahmud5, Novri Youla Kandowangko6
1Doctoral Program in Environmental Science, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Gorontalo, Indonesia
2,3,4,5,6Postgraduate Program, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Gorontalo, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Hendri Iyabu
ABSTRACT
A carbon-rich material made from biomass; biochar has gained interest as a long-term way to restore the ecosystem and slow down climate change. This research aims to assess the various production methods, environmental uses, and economic feasibility of biochar. The method entails a thorough analysis of recent research, focusing on its effectiveness in capturing carbon, removing pollutants, and enhancing soil quality. The findings indicate that biochar, particularly when made via pyrolysis, is very effective in storing carbon, reducing greenhouse gases, and improving soil and water quality. However, challenges like high production costs, feedstock inconsistency, and regulatory issues restrict its scalability. Despite these challenges, biochar presents economic benefits, such as reducing fertilizer costs and providing opportunities in carbon credit markets, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable agricultural resource. This study adds to the expanding body of knowledge by synthesizing biochar's environmental and economic impacts and highlights future research areas, such as refining production methods, assessing its carbon footprint, and developing market structures. It stresses the need for continued innovation to boost biochar’s global economic and environmental sustainability.
Keywords: biochar; carbon sequestration; pollutant removal; pyrolysis; soil enhancement
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