Year: 2025 | Month: December | Volume: 12 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 203-208
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20251223
Application of Regionalism Architecture in Regent and Mayor Offices in North Sumatra
Peranita Sagala1, Dewi Yana2
1Architecture Department, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi.
2Architecture Department, Universitas Medan Area, Medan, Indonesia.
Corresponding Author: Peranita Sagala
ABSTRACT
North Sumatra Province has a rich diversity of local culture and architecture. There are eight major ethnic groups, each with distinct languages, cultural expressions, and architectural characteristics, namely Malay, Toba, Karo, Simalungun, Mandailing, Angkola, Pakpak, and Nias. This study examines the application of regionalism architectural principles in government buildings, particularly regent and mayor offices in North Sumatra Province. The method used is descriptive qualitative, combining literature review and visual observation of building facades accessed through online sources. The study evaluates the extent to which regent and mayor offices across the 33 regencies and cities in North Sumatra apply key regionalism principles, including the use of local materials, climate adaptation, and the integration of local cultural identity. The analysis is based on facade observation and general architectural information available for each building. The implementation of regionalist architecture can be categorised into three typologies: (1) Application of traditional architectural elements as the main building form, such as roof type, structure, and façade, found in 57% or 19 out of 33 cases; (2) Use of traditional elements only as supplementary features, such as ornaments or surface decoration, found in 15% or 5 cases; and (3) Buildings with no local architectural references, including 12% (4 cases) adopting colonial architectural influence, and 16% (4 cases) following a modern tropical architectural approach. The findings indicate that most regent and mayor office buildings in North Sumatra Province apply regionalist architectural principles to varying degrees, reflecting ongoing efforts to maintain cultural identity in public architecture.
Keywords: Regionalism Architecture, Identity, Traditional Architecture, Local Architecture, North Sumatra
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