Year: 2025 | Month: December | Volume: 12 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 549-559
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20251259
Comparative Study of Design and Simulation Monofacial and Bifacial Panel on the PV Rooftop of Ibrahim Tower at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital, Semarang
Khairul Fikri1, Mochammad Facta2, Susatyo Handoko2, Ngurah Ayu Ketut Umiati3
1Master of Electrical Engineering Study Program, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
2Department of Electrical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
3Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: Khairul Fikri
ABSTRACT
As a multi-story healthcare facility, the Ibrahim Tower of Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital in Semarang faces increasing electricity demand, resulting in high operational loads and dependence on PLN and fossil-fuel generators, leading to increased long-term costs and carbon emissions. The utilization of Photovoltaic (PV) systems presents a strategic alternative to enhance energy efficiency and support emission reduction initiatives. In the context of photovoltaic technology development, monofacial and bifacial modules offer opportunities for more optimal solar energy utilization, particularly bifacial modules that can absorb radiation on both sides of the panel. This study aims to determine the optimal number of solar modules and total installed capacity on the east–west pitched roof while comparing the energy potential of monofacial and bifacial PV modules to achieve a technically efficient rooftop PV design. The study was conducted through roof dimension measurements and modeling using AutoCAD, panel configuration planning that includes row spacing to minimize shading, and system performance simulation using PVsyst software. Data collection methods comprised direct field observations and a literature review of previous studies. Simulation results show that the bifacial PV system yields an annual energy output of 107,199 kWh/year, an increase of 2,358 kWh/year (approximately 2.25%) compared to the monofacial system's 104,841 kWh/year. Furthermore, the bifacial system achieved a higher Performance Ratio (PR) of 85.93% compared to the monofacial system's 84.04%. This demonstrates that bifacial technology provides superior performance and operational efficiency for the specific installation conditions.
Keywords: Photovoltaic System, Monofacial PV, Bifacial PV, Pvsyst, AutoCAD.
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