Year: 2025 | Month: January | Volume: 12 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 39-42
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20250107
The Role of Qiwam (Urine Consistency) in the Diagnosis of Diseases: An Unani Perspective
Dr. Md. Nadeem Akhter1, Dr. Khatiba Aatka Maryam2
1PG Scholar Dept. of Mahiyatul Amraz, Govt. Tibbi College and Hospital, Kadamkuan, Patna
2PG Scholar Dept. of Mahiyatul Amraz, Govt. Tibbi College and Hospital, Kadamkuan Patna
Corresponding Author: Dr. Md. Nadeem Akhter
ABSTRACT
Urine consistency has long been regarded as a vital diagnostic tool in Unani medicine rooted in the theory of humors (Akhlat), Unani practitioners examine urine to understand the body’s internal balance and health. This review explores the role of urine consistency in diagnosing diseases, including its link to humoral imbalances, systemic disorders, and specific organ dysfunctions. The paper integrates classical Unani principles and modern interpretations to understand this diagnostic approach comprehensively.
Keywords: Qiwam, urine consistency, diagnosis of disease, Unani medicine
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