Year: 2026 | Month: April | Volume: 13 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 292-303
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260429
Functional Outcome of Static Versus Dynamic Intramedullary Interlocking Nailing in Closed Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures: A Retrospective Study
Dr. Ayush Patel1, Dr. Kunal Shrivastava2, Dr. Dhruv Lashkare3, Dr. Sachin Samaiya4
1PG Resident 3rd Year, 2PG Resident 3rd Year, 3Associate Professor,4Professor,
Department of Orthopaedics, RKDF Medical College, SRK University, Bhopal, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Ayush Patel
ABSTRACT
Background: Intramedullary interlocking nailing is the gold standard treatment for tibial diaphyseal fractures. Interlocking can be performed in static or dynamic mode. Dynamic locking allows controlled axial compression at the fracture site and may lead to earlier fracture union and better functional outcome compared to static locking.
Methods: This retrospective comparative study included 60 patients with closed tibial diaphyseal fractures treated with intramedullary interlocking nailing. Patients were divided into static interlocking group (n = 30) and dynamic interlocking group (n = 30) and followed for 6 months. Parameters assessed included time to weight bearing, time to union, functional outcome (Johner and Wruhs criteria), and complications.
Results: The mean age of patients was 35.6 ± 9.8 years with 70% males and 30% females. The mean time to partial weight bearing was 5.8 ± 1.2 weeks in the static group and 4.6 ± 1.0 weeks in the dynamic group (p < 0.05). The mean time to full weight bearing was 14.2 ± 2.4 weeks in the static group and 12.1 ± 2.1 weeks in the dynamic group (p < 0.05). The mean time to radiological union was 20.4 ± 3.2 weeks in the static group and 17.6 ± 2.8 weeks in the dynamic group (p < 0.05). Excellent to good functional outcome was seen in 73.3% of static group and 86.7% of dynamic group. Delayed union occurred in 13.3% of static group and 6.7% of dynamic group.
Conclusion: Dynamic intramedullary interlocking nailing provides earlier fracture union, earlier weight bearing, and better functional outcome compared to static interlocking nailing in simple tibial shaft fractures.
Keywords: Tibial shaft fracture, Intramedullary interlocking nail, Static locking, Dynamic locking, Functional outcome.
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