Year: 2026 | Month: July | Volume: 13 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 197-215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260724
Mycoremediation Potential of Mushrooms for Environmental Pollution Degradation: A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Fungal Biotechnology for Sustainable Ecosystem Restoration
Deepanshu Rawat1, Aayushi Kaushik2
1,2Faculty of Paramedical and Allied Health Sciences,
Motherhood University Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India -247661
Corresponding Author: Deepanshu Rawat
ABSTRACT
Environmental pollution caused by industrialization, agriculture, and improper waste disposal has led to the accumulation of toxic pollutants such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and plastics in ecosystems. Conventional remediation methods are often expensive and environmentally harmful, creating the need for sustainable alternatives. Mycoremediation, the use of fungi and mushrooms for environmental cleanup, has emerged as an effective and eco-friendly biotechnological approach. Mushrooms produce extracellular enzymes such as laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase that degrade complex organic pollutants, while fungal biomass removes heavy metals through biosorption and bioaccumulation. Various fungal species including Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes versicolor, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium have shown significant potential in degrading hydrocarbons, dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and plastics. Mycoremediation is widely applied in soil remediation, wastewater treatment, agricultural waste management, and air pollution control. Recent advances involving genetic engineering, nanotechnology, omics technologies, and consortium approaches have further improved fungal remediation efficiency. Due to its low cost, environmental compatibility, and sustainability, mycoremediation holds great promise for future environmental restoration and pollution management.
Keywords: Mycoremediation, Biosorption, Bioaccumulation, Nanotechnology, Omics Technologies, Consortium, Sustainability.
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