Year: 2026 | Month: August | Volume: 13 | Issue: 8 | Pages: 362-365
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20260834
A Rare Case of Arteriovenous Malformation of the Hand
Ishwar Jeevanagi1, Ramesh M. Tambat2, Mohammed Furqan M3, P Kavin Varshini4
1Post Graduate, Department of General Surgery, 2HOD & Professor, Department of General Surgery,
Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Sapthagiri NPS University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,
3Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, East Point Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,
4Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Ishwar Jeevanagi
ABSTRACT
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the hand are rare, high-flow vascular anomalies in which arterial blood flows directly into the venous system, bypassing the capillary bed. We report the case of a 20-year-old male who presented with a gradually progressive, painful swelling over the palmar aspect of the right hand of three months' duration. Local examination revealed a solitary, compressible, blanchable swelling over the thenar eminence with prominent overlying veins, erythema, and a positive expansile impulse. Magnetic resonance angiography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) demonstrated a high-flow lesion fed by branches of the radial artery, with early opacification of a venous network in the thenar eminence draining into the cephalic vein. Surgical exploration revealed dilated, branched veins and capillaries extending from the subcutaneous plane into the intramuscular and intermuscular planes, involving the thenar muscles and lumbricals, with multiple feeding arteries arising from a remnant of the median artery, the vasa nervosum of the median nerve, and branches of the radial artery. The lesion was excised, and the patient remained stable in the postoperative period. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by hand AVMs and underscores the importance of an individualized, multidisciplinary approach to their management.
Keywords: Arteriovenous malformation; Hand; Vascular anomaly; Thenar eminence; Digital subtraction angiography; Surgical excision; Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformation
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