Original Research Article
Year: 2016 | Month: May | Volume: 3 | Issue: 5 | Pages: 54-57
Analytical Study of Morphological Patterns of Anemia and Associated Illnesses in Females
Gandhi Ramya, Mourouguessine Vimal
Assistant Professors, Department of Pathology, Sri ManakulaVinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Kalitheerthalkuppam, Madagadipet, Puducherry.
Corresponding Author: MourouguessineVimal
ABSTRACT
Context: The clinical consequence of long term anemia is significant and hence proper diagnosis and management is important to avoid untoward complications.
Aim: To study the various morphological patterns of anemia in females of different age group and to study their severity and associated illnesses.
Materials and Methods: 200 anemic patients diagnosed as per WHO guidelines were included in this study. Clinical details including age, gender and any associated illness were obtained. Smears were examined to morphologically classify the anemia based on size of RBC and RBC indices as normocytic normochromic, microcytic hypochromic, macrocytic and dimorphic.
Results: Age of the patients ranged from 12-74 years. Majority 129 (64.5%) of them had moderate degree of anemia, 36 (18%) of them had milder degree of anemia and 35 (17.5%) of them had severe anemia. Morphological classification of the patients revealed that 92 patients (46%) had microcytic hypochromic anemia, 45 patients (22.5%) had normocytic normochromic anemia, 37 patients (18.5%) had dimorphic anemia and 26 patients (13%) had macrocytic anemia. Out of 200 patients, 26 had chronic diseases, 52 had menstrual irregularities, 20 are pregnant and 4 had hemoparasites. Conclusion: This study concludes that microcytic hypochromic anemia is the most common morphological pattern of anemia prevalent in females. Majority of the females were from rural population and they had nutritional anemias. The magnitude of the problem is far high than expected and hence timely community based screening and interventional programmes should be initiated at all levels for the target population effectively to revert the scenario.
Keywords: Anemia, Microcytic hypochromic, Iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, Morphological classification.