Review Article
Year: 2018 | Month: February | Volume: 5 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 1-7
A Pooled Estimate of the Global Prevalence of Congenital CMV and Clinical Sequelae at Birth in the Last 10 Years<
Jill Hutton
Obstetrician Gynecologist, Mednax, Sunrise, FL, USA
ABSTRACT
Background/Objectives: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in saliva, urine, plasma and dried blood spots (DBS) are newer forms of detecting congenital CMV (cCMV), while CMV culture of saliva or urine have been considered the standard method. Many studies from various countries have screened large numbers of newborns for cCMV in the last 10 years using PCR techniques. The objective of this study is to compile these studies to give an updated pooled global prevalence of cCMV, and to estimate the prevalence of detectable abnormalities caused by CMV at birth.
Method: By reviewing studies using PCR of CMV DNA as a screening method of populations of all newborn infants for cCMV, this study estimates the global prevalence of cCMV and the percentage of infants with clinical sequelae evident at birth, within the last ten years.
Results: Fifteen articles published from 2007 to 2017, using PCR techniques for cCMV detection, give a global prevalence of all newborns with cCMV as 0.47% (95% CI, 0.44-0.50%), with the percentage of symptomatic cCMV as 13%. A meta-analysis of the fifteen prevalences, gives a pooled prevalence of cCMV as 0.46%(95%CI: 0.43-0.49%).
Conclusion: The global prevalence of cCMV is seemingly decreasing, though the percentage of cases of cCMV with symptoms at birth is relatively unchanged.
Key words: Cytomegalovirus, congenital, prevalence, meta-analysis, review, CMV
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