Original Research Article
Year: 2019 | Month: October | Volume: 6 | Issue: 10 | Pages: 137-145
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Clinical, Radiological Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Patients with PTB
Dr. Venkatesh Vulli1, Dr. Padmaja Balla2, Dr. B.Swetha3, Dr. T.S.S.L. Pratyusha3
1Consultant pulmonologist, Apoorva Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2Assistant Professor in the Department Of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Hospital for chest and communicable diseases, Andhra Pradesh, India
3Post Graduate in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Hospital for Chest and Communicable Diseases, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Padmaja Balla
ABSTRACT
Aim & Objective: To study the impact of glycemic status on clinical, radiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with Diabetes mellitus.
Materials & Methods: This is a hospital based prospective study. 100 consecutive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and Diabetes mellitus were taken into the study and various clinical characteristics, radiological patterns, glycemic status, sputum grading and conversion at the end of intensive phase and treatment outcomes were recorded.
Results: Most of the diabetics are above the age of 40 years (91.66%) with peak incidence in age group of 40-60 years with mean age was 50.35 years. Male preponderance observed in the study with a total of 62 males. New cases are more than relapses accounting for 65% and 35% respectively. Mean HbA1C of the study population was 9.77 with 71 patients having HbA1C>9. Radiologically, infiltrates are the most common finding accounting for 88%. Cavitatory lesions are seen in 56%, lower lung field involvement in 38%. 26 cases were diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus de-novo and remaining 74 cases were already on treatment for previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Sputum smear conversion at the end of intensive phase was observed in 87.77%. Successful treatment outcome was observed in 90 cases of which 78 were cured and 12 completed the treatment and unfavourable outcomes in10 cases.
Conclusion: Diabetes affects the clinical and radiological characteristics of PTB patients significantly. The glycemic status of the patient has significant impact on the bacillary load of the patient. But the glycemic status at the initiation of the treatment has no impact on the sputum conversion at the end of intensive phase and on the treatment outcomes.
Key words: DM- Diabetes mellitus, PTB- pulmonary tuberculosis, glycemic status, sputum grading & conversion.
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