Review Article
Year: 2019 | Month: July | Volume: 6 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 391-399
Kinnari B. Rajpura1, Kruti A. Mehta2, Kinjal A. Patel2, Prabhudas S. Patel3
1Department of Oral Pathology, AMC Dental Collage and Hospital, Ahmedabad - 380008
2Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad -380 016, Gujarat, India
3Professor & Head, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad-380 016, Gujarat, India
Corresponding Author: Prabhudas S. Patel
ABSTRACT
Cancer being a cellular disease, changes in cellular glycoproteins via glycosylation plays an important role in malignant transformation and cancer progression. Protein glycosylation is the most widely observed and structurally diverse form of post-translational modifications. Around 70% of human proteins are found to be glycosylated. Glycosylation is the enzymatic process that produces glycosidic linkages of saccharides to other saccharides, proteins or lipids. Various investigators have documented fundamental role of glycosylation in key pathological steps of tumor development, progression and metastasis. Alterations in cell surface glycosylation particularly, terminal motifs may results in altered cell-cell adhesion, cell-matrix interactions, inter and intra-cellular signaling and cellular metabolism. To study these glycosylational changes, study of glycome is required. The glycome in a cell or tissue is assembled by the synchronized action of numerous glycan modifying enzymes termed as glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. Majority of the studies have investigated protein glycosylation changes by studying these enzyme alterations in cell lines and tumors of various cancers. The present review represents an ample overview on aberrant glycosylation and associated systemic enzymes in oral cancer as well as other different cancer types. It is predicted that the understanding of these biologically relevant glycan alterations on cellular proteins will smooth the progress of the discovery of novel glycan based biomarkers which can potentially serve as diagnostic and prognostic indicators as well as newer drug targets for oral cancer.
Key words: Oral cancer, Glycosylation, Glycosyltransferases, Glycosidases, Sialylation, Fucosylation
[PDF Full Text]
Kinnari B. Rajpura1, Kruti A. Mehta2, Kinjal A. Patel2, Prabhudas S. Patel3
1Department of Oral Pathology, AMC Dental Collage and Hospital, Ahmedabad - 380008
2Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad -380 016, Gujarat, India
3Professor & Head, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad-380 016, Gujarat, India
Corresponding Author: Prabhudas S. Patel
ABSTRACT
Cancer being a cellular disease, changes in cellular glycoproteins via glycosylation plays an important role in malignant transformation and cancer progression. Protein glycosylation is the most widely observed and structurally diverse form of post-translational modifications. Around 70% of human proteins are found to be glycosylated. Glycosylation is the enzymatic process that produces glycosidic linkages of saccharides to other saccharides, proteins or lipids. Various investigators have documented fundamental role of glycosylation in key pathological steps of tumor development, progression and metastasis. Alterations in cell surface glycosylation particularly, terminal motifs may results in altered cell-cell adhesion, cell-matrix interactions, inter and intra-cellular signaling and cellular metabolism. To study these glycosylational changes, study of glycome is required. The glycome in a cell or tissue is assembled by the synchronized action of numerous glycan modifying enzymes termed as glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. Majority of the studies have investigated protein glycosylation changes by studying these enzyme alterations in cell lines and tumors of various cancers. The present review represents an ample overview on aberrant glycosylation and associated systemic enzymes in oral cancer as well as other different cancer types. It is predicted that the understanding of these biologically relevant glycan alterations on cellular proteins will smooth the progress of the discovery of novel glycan based biomarkers which can potentially serve as diagnostic and prognostic indicators as well as newer drug targets for oral cancer.
Key words: Oral cancer, Glycosylation, Glycosyltransferases, Glycosidases, Sialylation, Fucosylation
[PDF Full Text]