Review Article
Year: 2019 | Month: August | Volume: 6 | Issue: 8 | Pages: 533-544
Etiological Role of Environmental Toxicants in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Dr. Roya Rozati1, Dr. Sumaya Fatima2
1M.D (A.I.I.M.S), F.R.C.O.G (London), Medical & Research Director, Maternal Health Research Trust, Road #3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-34.
2Pharm-D, Department of Pharmacy Practice; Clinical Pharmacist, Basavatarakam Indo- American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Road number- 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana 500034.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Sumaya Fatima
ABSTRACT
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is termed as the most common and complex reproductive and metabolic disorder, marked by increased androgen levels, irregularities in the menstrual cycle, and/ or small cysts on either or both the ovaries.About4%–8% women in the age of child-bearing are most commonly affected by PCOS, as per the prevalence estimates of NIH/NICHD criteria. Obesity, amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, and most frequently infertility are the clinical manifestations included. Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, and gestational Diabetes Mellitus are the risk factors for adults with PCOS. Both environmental and genetic changes give rise to PCOS. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) intrude with the action of hormones which further disturbs homeostasis, resulting in revamping of the physiology during the whole lifetime of an individual, from fetal development to adulthood. Chemicals recognized as endocrine disruptors are diethylstilbestrol, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin and its analogues, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and few other pesticides. Lifestyle factors associated with PCOS are: Increased body mass index, nutrition and diet as well as health care utilization. Modifying those behaviors can mitigate or prevent excess disease in such populations and should be taken into consideration in order to reduce human exposure to protect current and future generations from their adverse health effects, which will ultimately prevent or alleviate the severe metabolic sequelae of PCOS.
Key words: PCOS, Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC’s), Exposure, Environmental toxins, Lifestyle.
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