Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: October | Volume: 7 | Issue: 10 | Pages: 185-189
Observational Study to Evaluate Prevalence of Comorbidities in Indian Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Its Association with Glycemic Control at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital at Patna
Purna Nand Jha1, Vinti Kusum2
1Assistant Professor, Medicine Department, Patna Medical College & Hospital.
2Junior Resident, Patna Medical College & Hospital.
Corresponding Author: Purna Nand Jha
ABSTRACT
Objective: Comorbid chronic disease which is most frequent among type 2 diabetes patients who were having poor glycemic control which also leads to increase cost of the therapy and disease burden in future. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of comorbidities among in Indian type 2 diabetes patients and its association with glycemic control at a tertiary care teaching hospital at Patna.
Method: This is an observational study performed at a single center outpatient diabetes clinic at Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar. Patients’ data was collected between June 2018 to December 2019. A total 872 patients were initially considered for trial and analysis where done to examine the association between number and type of comorbidities (cardiovascular disease (CVD), cerebrovascular disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetic foot and amputation, nephropathy, and retinopathy) and HbA1c used to measure poor glycemic control.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 54±18 years with 7.6±2.4 years as mean duration of diabetes. 59% patients were female with >80cm waist circumference which was >90cm for male. 67.8% patients were had HbA1c>6.5% and fails to achieve glycemic control. 94% patients were having at least one comorbidity and 86.8% had at least two. Most common was hypertension (76.5%). Dyslipidemia (71.3%), overweight/ obesity (68.6%), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (41%)and cerebrovascular disease (21%) are the comorbidity associated with which was followed by nephropathy (10.9%), retinopathy (9.2%) and diabetic foot and amputation (1.5%). Older age groups tended to increase comorbidity burden and compare to women higher in men. Diabetes duration along with glucose lowering oral therapy and insulin usage were found to be significantly related to all co-morbidities.
Conclusion: Multiple comorbidities were present in majority of type 2 diabetes patients. in terms of decreasing mortality and morbidity, co- morbidities should be one of the major focus of clinicians rather than only focusing on anti-diabetic treatment. In patients with type 2 diabetes achievement of good glycemic control does not appear to be limit by comorbidity.
Keywords: Comorbidities; Prevalence; Type 2 diabetes.
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