Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: April | Volume: 7 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 13-21
Prevalence of Depression in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (Art)
Parvaiz Dar1, Varsha Kachroo1, Shahzad Qureshi2
1Residents, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu
2Lecturer, Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu
Corresponding Author: Parvaiz Dar
ABSTRACT
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS is a major cause of disability and death, particularly in low and middle income nations (WHO 2008). Depression also is recognized as strong predictor of non- adherence to treatment, high risk behaviour, worse HIV outcomes like immunologic decline, progression to AIDS and AIDS related mortality. Hence we are going to conduct this study which emphasizes an urgent need for HIV care provides to recognize and treat depression among their patients or to refer them to psychiatrists for diagnosis and treatment when necessary.
Material and methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in ART Centre Jammu. All the patients attending ART centre over a period of one year from Nov 2017 to Nov 2018 after obtaining the ethical clearance were included. The patients were administered predesigned and validated oral questionnaire CES-D (Centre for epidemiologic studies depression scale) to detect depression. Scale Score of >16 were considered clinically significant. Descriptive statistics were reported as mean (SD) for continuous variables, frequencies (percentage) for categorical variables. Chi-Square at 5% level of significance was used to find statistical significance.
Results: Prevalence of depression was 54.5%. Mean age of depression was 39.8 Years. Prevalence of depression was higher in females. Prevalence of depression decreased with the duration of ART (P<0.001). Among depressive patients, majority of patients had possibly major depression episode (23%). Prevalence of depression increased with increase in age as depression was more in elderly patients then young patients (P<0.001). Prevalence of depression was more in patients who were non compliant to ART treatment (71.6%) compared to those who were compliant to ART (40.2%).
Conclusion: Routine screening of the more common psychiatric condition among HIV positive subjects should be practiced to optimize patient care and improve clinical outcomes.
Keywords: Depression, Mood disorder, HIV, ART
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