Review Paper
Year: 2021 | Month: July | Volume: 8 | Issue: 7 | Pages: 446-452
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210762
ECHOs of Medication Non-Adherence in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review
Satish S1, Agnes Jain Rose2
1Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, India
2Student, Pharm D, Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, India
Corresponding Author: Agnes Jain Rose
ABSTRACT
Globally, hypertension has been one of the most common diseases. Although there has been improvement in the blood pressure control with the use of antihypertensive drugs, poor adherence to medications is still a problem. This has caused economic, clinical and humanistic outcomes (ECHOs) resulting in severe health crisis. This includes worsening of present disease condition, increase in co morbid diseases, increase in health care costs and ultimately death.
This systematic review has broadened the scope of knowledge by providing valuable input into the development of clinical, economic and humanistic framework to standardize the consequences of medication non-adherence with the ECHOs. Literature documents the multiple adverse clinical consequences of medication non-adherence. It is also associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular events including vascular stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy, micro albuminuria, acute coronary syndromes, stroke and transient ischemic attack and chronic heart failure ultimately leading to death. Humanistic outcomes were evaluated by measuring the symptomatic and functional status and quality of life. Economic outcomes were mainly affected by hospital related costs, productivity costs, social welfare costs, personal costs, cost to the family and friends and other associated costs.
Keywords: Hypertension, Medication non-adherence, Clinical outcomes, Economic outcomes, Humanistic outcomes.
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