Original Research Article
Year: 2021 | Month: September | Volume: 8 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 408-412
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210952
Original Research Article on Study of Correlation between Various Clinical Parameters and Hypoxemia in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection of Age 2 Months to 5 Yearss
Chinmay Sahu1, Deshish Kumar Panda2, Surjit Naik3, Saiprasanna Behera4
1Senior Resident, 2,3Asst. Prof in Paediatrics, Santha Bhima Bhoi Medical College & Hospital,Balangir. Odisha - 767001.
4Research Associate, CRO Pharmatrendz Private Limited, Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751014.
Corresponding Author: Saiprasanna Behera
ABSTRACT
A case control study was conducted from October 2018 to September 2020 by taking children between the age group 2 months to 5 years, admitted to Sishu Bhawan and SCB Medical College Hospital, Cuttack with an acute history of cough and rapid respiration or difficulty in breathing, to know the correlation between various clinical parameters and hypoxemia along with ability of each parameter to predict the presence of hypoxemia in children. Among 109 children, 50 children were hypoxemic and 59 children were non hypoxemic with the prevalence of hypoxemia about 45.8%. Among symptoms in children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (ALRI), inability to feed, cough and difficulty in breathing had a sensitivity of 100%, 98% and 92% respectively and specificity was maximum for difficulty in breathing (62.7%) to predict hypoxemia. On comparison between hypoxemic and non-hypoxemic children difficulty in breathing and inability to feed had a p value <0.001 and was statistically significant. Among signs in children with ALRI, appearance of the child, lower chest retraction, respiratory rate had a sensitivity of 100%, 100% and 98% respectively to predict hypoxemia. Central cyanosis was the most specific sign with the specificity of 100% to predict hypoxemia followed by grunting with a specificity of 96.6%. When compared between hypoxemic and non-hypoxemic children the p-value was very highly significant for appearance of nasal flaring, grunting, suprasternal indrawing parameters whereas upon combination of variables, a combination of cough, inability to feed, tachypnoea and the combination of cough, subcostal retractions, tachypnoea had high sensitivity of 96% and 95% respectively to predict hypoxemia in children with ALRI. Combination of difficulty in breathing, cyanosis and grunting had high specificity of 98%. Keeping in view of less feasibility of detection of hypoxemia in lower respiratory tract infection by pulse oximeter and ABG in developing countries and no available study in the state of Odisha, this study is conducted in an attempt to find out the alternative methods by various clinical parameters to detect hypoxemia which are easily recognized by the health personnel in developing countries for the further management of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI).
Keywords: Hypoxemia, Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection, Lower Respiratory Tract Infection, Management.
[PDF Full Text]