Research Paper
Year: 2022 | Month: September | Volume: 9 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 13-24
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220902
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity and Larval Toxicity of Ethanolic and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Rhizomes of Curcuma Longa L.
ADOVELANDE Jacques1, CACHON Fresnel Boris2,3, ASSOGBA Mahoudo Fidèle1, AHOTON Djidénou Paul1, GBENOU Joachim Djimon1,4
1Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 918, Cotonou, Benin
2Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, 04 BP 0320, Cotonou, Benin
3Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Biology, National School of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnologies, National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics, Abomey, Benin
4Laboratory of Research of perfume, aromatic, food and medicinal plants, FAST-ENS, Natitingou, National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics, Abomey, Benin.
Corresponding Author: CACHON Fresnel Boris
ABSTRACT
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a plant native to Asia, was the subject of the present study whose objective was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the rhizome powder of this plant cultivated at Bopa, a commune of Benin. The methodology used consists in evaluating the toxicity of the extracts by the shrimp larvae, to make the phytochemical analysis of the Curcuma longa L. powder in order to obtain information on its biochemical and/or chemical value. It also consists in the determination of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and beta-carotene of ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts, and in the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of these extracts by the FRAP and DPPH methods. Phytochemical screening of the powder revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, steroids and terpenes, reducing compounds, mucilages and anthracene derivatives. The yield of ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts gave 31.94 % and 14.66 % respectively. The larval toxicity test performed on these two extracts revealed that they will not be toxic. The ethyl acetate extract had a high content of polyphenol (1304.596 mg EqAG) while for the flavonoids (1259.938 mg EqQ/g E), tannins (259.859 mg EqP/g E) and beta-carotene (0.139 mg/100 g) assay, the ethanolic extract had the highest contents. Note also that the ethyl acetate extract showed the best antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.007 mg/mL) compared to the ethanolic extract (IC50 = 0.009 mg/mL) after the control (ascorbic acid 0.0074 µg/mL).
Keywords: antioxidant activity, phytochemical analysis, rhizome, larval toxicity
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